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Lot #170
President Franklin Pierce Signed Expansion Document, Proclaiming the 1854 Gadsden Purchase with Mexico

President Franklin Pierce proclaims “the Treaty with Mexico of 30 December, last,” the historic Gadsden Purchase that forever defined the Mexico–United States border

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Description

President Franklin Pierce proclaims “the Treaty with Mexico of 30 December, last,” the historic Gadsden Purchase that forever defined the Mexico–United States border

Partly-printed DS as president, one page, 8 x 10.5, June 30, 1854. President Pierce authorizes and directs the Secretary of State to affix the Seal of the United States to “the Proclamation of the Treaty with Mexico of 30 December, last, as concluded by the Senate.” Signed at the conclusion by Franklin Pierce. In very good to fine condition, with some light soiling and creasing, a small area of paper loss at the top edge, and a fold passing through the signature.

This document pertains to the Gadsden Purchase, or Treaty, which concluded with the United States agreeing to pay Mexico $10 million for a 29,670 square mile portion of Mexico that later became part of Arizona and New Mexico. Gadsden’s Purchase provided the land necessary for a southern transcontinental railroad and attempted to resolve conflicts that lingered after the Mexican-American War.

The first draft was signed on December 30, 1853, by James Gadsden, U.S. minister to Mexico, and by Antonio López de Santa Anna, president of Mexico. The U.S. Senate voted in favor of ratifying it with amendments on April 25, 1854, and then sent it to President Franklin Pierce. Mexico's government and its General Congress or Congress of the Union took final approval action on June 8, 1854, and the treaty took effect on June 30th, the very day this document was signed. The purchase was the last substantial territorial acquisition in the contiguous United States and defined the Mexico–United States border. The Arizona cities of Tucson, Yuma, and Tombstone are on territory acquired by the U.S. in the Gadsden Purchase.

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