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Partly-printed DS as president, one page, 8 x 10.5, July 5, 1854. President Pierce authorizes and directs the Secretary of State to affix the Seal of the United States to “a Power to James A. Peden, Esquire, to exchange ratifications of a Treaty between the United States and the Argentine Confederation, signed at San Jose de Flores, on the 10th of July 1853.” Signed neatly at the conclusion in ink by President Franklin Pierce. In very good to fine condition, with light creasing to the top edge, and old mounting remnants along the back left edge.
This document relates to the ‘Treaty for the Free Navigation of the Rivers Parana and Uruguay Between the United States and Argentina’ from July 10, 1853, which was ratified by President Pierce on July 5, 1854. Part of broader 19th-century diplomatic efforts to promote free trade and navigation globally, the treaty guaranteed U.S. commercial access to the Paraná and Uruguay Rivers, key South American waterways and trade routes connecting Argentina, Paraguay, Brazil, and Uruguay. Bolivia, due to its geographic and economic ties to the Plata River system, was later included as part of the treaty.
‘The service of James A. Peden to Argentina was complex, as reflected in his multiple entries in this database. He was commissioned as Chargé d’Affaires to the Republic of Buenos Aires, but did not proceed to post in this capacity. Nominated on February 25, 1856, to be Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary to the Argentine Confederation, his nomination was withdrawn before the Senate acted upon it. He did serve as Minister Resident to the Republic of Buenos Aires from January 22, 1855, to about May 1, 1857. Although Peden was not commissioned as Minister Resident to the Argentine Confederation until June 25, 1856, he had been given letters of credence dated July 1, 1854, to both Buenos Aires and the Confederation, and had presented his credentials at Parana on December 1, 1854, before proceeding to Buenos Aires. Peden resided at Buenos Aires until about May 1, 1857, when he closed the Legation at that city and moved to Parana, where the U.S. Legation to the Argentine Confederation remained until 1862.’
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