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Partly-printed DS as president, one page, 8 x 9.75, no date but circa 1859. President Buchanan authorizes and directs "the Secretary of State to affix the Seal of the United States to a Full Power to Robert M. McLane, Esqr. to negotiate a Treaty with the Republic of Mexico." Neatly signed at the conclusion in ink by President James Buchanan. In fine condition.
On March 7, 1859, President James Buchanan named Robert M. McLane, former congressman and U.S. Commissioner to China, as U.S. Minister to Mexico, during a period of revolutionary turmoil in the southern nation. McLane went there with instructions to recognize the government of Benito Juarez, then at Vera Cruz, which he did in April.
Later that year, McLane signed a treaty of transit and commerce and a convention to enforce treaty stipulations with the Juarez government, commonly called the McLane–Ocampo Treaty. The treaty granted perpetual transit, military and other extraterritorial rights to the United States and its citizens on Mexican soil and was controversial in both Mexico and the United States. At the federal government's request, McLane returned to Washington to explain the McLane-Ocampo Treaty before the Senate Foreign Relations Committee. In May 1860, the treaty and the convention were rejected by the Senate; the impending Civil War at home made McLane decide not to return to Mexico.
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