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Partly-printed DS as president, one page, 7.75 x 9.75, May 31, 1875. President Grant authorizes and directs the "Secretary of State to affix the Seal of the United States to my Power to Hamilton Fish, Secretary of State, to exchange the ratifications of the Convention between the United States and the King of the Hawaiian Islands, signed January 30, 1975." Prominently signed at the conclusion in ink by President Ulysses S. Grant. In fine condition.
The convention referenced here was the landmark Reciprocity Treaty of 1875, signed at Washington on January 30, 1875, and ratified later that year under President Grant. Negotiated by Secretary of State Hamilton Fish, the agreement gave Hawaiian sugar and other island products duty-free entry into the United States, while granting similar favored access for certain American goods entering the Hawaiian Kingdom. For Hawaii, the treaty provided a powerful economic lifeline and accelerated the expansion of the sugar industry; for the United States, it deepened commercial and strategic influence in the Pacific. The agreement marked a decisive step in the islands’ growing dependence on the American market, a relationship that would later be strengthened by the 1887 renewal granting the U.S. exclusive rights to Pearl Harbor, and ultimately foreshadowed Hawaii’s annexation in 1898.
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