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Partly-printed DS as president, one page, 8 x 9.75, March 12, 1859. President Buchanan directs the Secretary of State to affix the Seal of the United States to "my ratification of the Convention with New Granada (of 10 Sept'r 1857)." Crisply signed at the conclusion in ink by President James Buchanan." In fine condition, with faint toning to the folds and edges, and a small area cut from the blank adjoining sheet.
The Convention with New Granada, signed on September 10, 1857, was a treaty between the United States and New Granada (modern-day Colombia and Panama) that reaffirmed earlier agreements guaranteeing U.S. transit rights across the isthmus of Panama and addressing disputes stemming from the 1856 Watermelon Riot. The convention strengthened American commercial and strategic interests in the region, laying groundwork for future control over the transoceanic route.
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