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Lot #46
President Grover Cleveland Establishes the International Boundary Commission with Mexico

President Cleveland convenes with Mexico in 1889 to determine national ownership of lands along the Rio Grande and Colorado River

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Description

President Cleveland convenes with Mexico in 1889 to determine national ownership of lands along the Rio Grande and Colorado River

Partly-printed DS as president, one page, 8 x 10, March 1, 1889. President Cleveland directs the Secretary of State to cause the Seal of the United States to be affixed to “my full power to the Secretary of State to sign a Convention with Mexico to facilitate the carrying out of the principles contained in the Convention of Nov. 12, 1884, touching the boundary line between the two countries where it follows the beds of the Rio Grande & Rio Colorado.” Signed at the conclusion by Grover Cleveland. In fine condition, with faint toning along the folds and edges.

This document relates to the U.S-Mexico Convention of March 1, 1889, also known as the ‘Boundary Convention,’ a treaty between the United States and Mexico that established the ‘International Boundary Commission (IBC).’ This commission was tasked with applying the rules established in the 1884 Convention to determine national ownership of lands along the Rio Grande and Colorado River. The 1884 Convention reaffirmed the river's deepest channel as the international boundary, while also acknowledging the river's changing course. If the river channel moved gradually over time, the boundary moved with it. If the river shifted suddenly, the boundary remained along the previous course. The IBC was later renamed the ‘International Boundary and Water Commission (IBWC).’

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