Partly-printed DS as president, one page, 8 x 10, July 8, 1870. President Grant directs the Secretary of State to “affix the Seal of the United States to the envelope of my letter to His Imperial Majesty Abdul Aziz Khan, Padischah of the Empire of the Ottoman Family (Mr. Morris’ recall).” Signed nicely at the conclusion by U. S. Grant. In fine condition, with faint toning to the edges and folds.
Abdulaziz (1830–1876) was the sultan of the Ottoman Empire from June 25, 1861, to May 30, 1876, when he was overthrown in a government coup. Born at Eyüp Palace, Constantinople (Istanbul), Abdulaziz received an Ottoman education but was nevertheless an ardent admirer of the material progress that was being achieved in the West. He was the first Ottoman sultan who traveled to Western Europe, visiting several important European capitals including Paris, London, and Vienna in the summer of 1867.
Apart from his passion for the Ottoman Navy, which had the world's third-largest fleet in 1875 (after the British and French navies), the Sultan took an interest in documenting the Ottoman Empire. He was also interested in literature and was a classical music composer. He was deposed on the grounds of having mismanaged the Ottoman economy on May 30, 1876, and was found dead six days later in mysterious circumstances.
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