Highly important English philosopher and politician (1632–1704) whose writings, including An Essay Concerning Human Understanding, were of far-reaching significance. His ideas influenced and were expanded upon by the likes of Voltaire and Thomas Jefferson, and are recognized as part of the intellectual bedrock upon which the Declaration of Independence and United States Constitution were founded. Extremely rare illuminated two-sided manuscript leaf on vellum, an extract from the Codex Justinianus, 8 x 11.5, circa 1300, signed at the upper right corner of one side, “J. Locke.” The Codex Justinianus, originally compiled in the sixth century, was a comprehensive collection of laws issued by the Roman emperors dating back to Hadrian. The present item was, presumably, from an antique manuscript in Locke’s own library. Attractively matted and framed with an explanatory plaque to an overall size of 18 x 26. In good to very good condition, with expected toning and light soiling, a few chips and small losses to edges (affecting a few words), and moderate contrast to signature due to darkening of vellum. The signature is, nonetheless, strong, darkly penned, and clearly visible. All autograph material of Locke, particularly an example with such an unusual and significant historical association, is of the greatest scarcity and desirability. LOA John Reznikoff/PSA/DNA and R&R COA. Oversized.